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By Anna Hart Why is organic farming bad, if it is? We have been told that organic farming is good for our health. Proponents have trumpeted the message that organic farming is good for the environment. How could it possibly be bad? It seems that, increasingly, life is being divided into traditional and alternative. Each side claims their methods to be better than the other’s. Each tries to win people to their side. Traditional schooling fights alternative schooling. Conventional medicine fights alternative medicine. Mainstream culture fights alternative subcultures. Farming, too, is involved in a battle, conventional farming against organic farming. Environmentalists and those concerned with their health assure us that organic farming is preferable in many ways. But others argue that organic farming is bad. Why is organic farming bad? Research Results In 2002, Swiss scientists at the Research Institute for Organic Agriculture published in “Scientist” a highly publicized study. Their study, which covered 21 years, compared four types of farming. Two of those types were organic farming. The other two types were conventional farming. Reporters quickly stated that the study proved organic farming was more efficient. Organic farming’s advocates said the study showed that organic farming uses 50% less energy. The facts? 1. Conventional farming is 20 percent more productive than organic farming. 2. Crop yields were significantly lower in organic farming. 3. The above two facts meant energy savings in organic farming were actually only about 19 percent per unit of crop produced, not 50 percent. 4. The study did not test organic farming against the most current methods of conventional farming. If it had, experts say, the 19 percent advantage of organic farming would disappear. 5. Current conventional farming matches organic farming when it comes to environmental advantages. Both have beneficial insects, produce less pesticide and fertilizer runoff, and reduce soil erosion. 6. Food quality was almost identical in conventional and organic farming. Advocates of organic farming had long claimed their food was far superior. 7. Current conventional farming methods produce the same or greater yields mentioned in number 1 above. This research does not, of course, conclude that organic farming is bad. On the face of it, the conclusion is more that organic farming is not very different from current conventional farming. There most be other reasons for people believing organic farming is bad. Organic Farming Can Kill Many took from the Swiss study a realization that, as Cambridge chemist John Emsley said, “the greatest catastrophe the human race could face this century is not global warming, but a global conversion to ‘organic farming’ [where] an estimated 2 billion people would perish.” Organic farming may supply food for small markets, but how can it feed starving nations? Its adversaries claim that current conventional farming is the only hope for these people. If we turn entirely to organic farming, they say, we will doom billions to die of starvation. Challenging Organic Farming Alex Avery, Director of Research and Education for the Hudson Institute’s Center for Global Food Issues, recently published a new book, “The Truth About Organic Foods.” (2006) In this book, Avery offers an unemotional look at the odd origins and unscientific basis for organic farming. Nobel Peace Prize Winning Agricultural Scientist, Dr. Norman Borlaug, says about this book, “The Truth About Organic Foods gives consumers a thorough and straight-forward explanation of why organic foods offer no real health or safety benefits. More importantly, Avery communicates why organic farming’s lower yields and reliance on scarce organic fertilizers represents a potential threat to the world’s forests, wetlands and grasslands. The book offers scientifically sound evidence that more-affordable conventional foods are healthy for families and also good stewardship of nature.” Skimming Mr. Avery’s book, one finds statements that indicate: 1. Organic farming started in the 1920s when a German mystic advised use of only animal manure because synthetic fertilizers had no cosmic energy. 2. Soon, the wealthy decided manure-fertilized produce was better. 3. J.I. Rodale first published his “Organic Gardening Magazine” in 1942, and the organic farming / organic gardening movement was named. 4. In 2007, organic farming advocates still have no credible science to support their beliefs. 5. Organic farming does not avoid pesticides. About 5 percent a vegetable’s weight is natural pesticides, some of which are cancer-causing. 6. Foods from organic farming have more illness-causing bacteria. (The January 2007 issue of “Consumer Reports” showed that chicken from organic farming has 300% more Salmonella than that from conventional farming. University studies have found more bacteria in vegetables from organic farming than in vegetables from conventional farming. 7. If organic farming, which decries synthetic fertilizer, was chosen over conventional farming, we would have a choice. We could kill millions of people to reduce global food needs, or we could sacrifice wildlife habitat in the amount of millions of square miles so we could produce more manure. Why is organic farming bad? Mr. Avery believes he has the answer. Notwithstanding Mr. Avery’s new book, I am not sure whether organic farming is bad or not. It is often difficult to sort through rhetoric and find fact. I do know that my forefathers had large organic farms. The produce was good and it was nourishing. Before I can turn my back completely on organic farming and organic gardening, I need clearer evidence. You probably want to do more research, too. 2007, Anna Hart. Anna Hart invites you to read more of her articles about organic farming on a small scale at http://www.organicspringtime.com. Anna is posting new articles regularly, each one dealing with some facet of organic gardening. If you want to know how to make your own organic fertilizer, you will want to read Annas article on the subject. 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By Tim H When youre stopped for DUI in California, you may wonder if you need to hire an attorney. A California DUI lawyer may be able to assist you with the various steps youll need to take for your case. Why do I need a California DUI lawyer? In California, the drunk driving laws are very strict and complicated. A California DUI lawyer will know the up to the minute information about the laws that apply to your case. The California DUI lawyer can take you through every aspect of your proceedings. In addition to knowing every detail of your case, a California DUI lawyer can also make sure that your rights are respected and maintained. Its essential to have an advocate on your side, and a California DUI lawyer will do just that. What qualifications should I look for in a California DUI lawyer? A California DUI lawyer should carry some specific qualifications. You should first research the California DUI lawyer youre interested in at the California Bar Association. There you can find out if the California DUI lawyer has had any complaints or problems with clients. You should also check to see if the specific California DUI lawyer is certified through the National College for DUI Defense. This certification is given by the American Bar Association. When your California DUI lawyer has this certification, it shows that he or she has an extra level of education and specialty in DUI law. How much will a California DUI lawyer cost? Theres no set price for defending a DUI by a California DUI lawyer. Youll need to ask about the fees that will be charged for your case. Make sure to ask the California DUI lawyer about any extra fees that could come in your case, such as court costs and expert witness fees. Its a good idea to speak with more than one California DUI lawyer before you hire one. You need to be able to get a second opinion about your case and find out what the difference is in the costs. When you hire a California DUI lawyer, make sure you dont go with someone who makes promises about the outcome of your case. No California DUI lawyer can predict the outcome with 100% accuracy. When youre ready to hire a California DUI lawyer, make sure to get everything in writing. You need to have a clear outline of what costs will be covered with the fee the California DUI lawyer charges. Dont sign anything unless youve read it entirely. DUI Arrest Help provides free DUI law information for those facing drunk driving charges. The website was created to provide a free, helpful and informative place for those who may find themselves facing a DUI charge. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Tim_H http://EzineArticles.com/?DUI-Lawyers-in-California&id=343943 va personal loans image of paycheck personal loan legal form furniture credit accounts with no credit check in georgia

By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jay_Fran]Jay Fran Financial fraud and identity fraud are one of the fasted growing forms of fraud. The first line of defense to protecting yourself begins with you. Here are some steps you can take to help you protect and fight against financial and identity fraud. 1. Review and Protect Your Information – The first line of defense in financial fraud is to periodically check your credit report to ensure all your information is accurate. Remember there are three credit agencies (Equifax, TransUnion, Experian) which all operate independently. Make sure you check your credit report from all three because they may each have different information. 2. Destroy Credit Card Mail Offers and Old Financial Documents – If you receive direct or pre-approved solicitations in the mail for new credit cards and do not use them make sure you shred or tear them up before throwing them away. In addition, shred all financial papers including cancelled checks, old bank account statements, or any document with your identity. 3. Watch Out For E-mail or Telephone Fraudsters – Never give your personal or financial information out on the internet or phone unless you initiated the contact. This is especially true with giving out your social security or credit card number. Watch out for e-mails from fraudsters that state they need your account information or credit card number to update your account with your bank or an online company like e-bay. Never give out personal information over e-mail! Many times these e-mails will have links for you to click on that take you to a website that looks authentic. However more times than not, it is a scam to get your personal and financial information. 4. Social Security Number Keep your social security number in a safe place with other financial documents. DO NOT carry your social security card in your wallet and remember to shred your old social security statements. It is also recommended to not store your social security number on your computer as hackers may have access to it. Never print your social security number on your checks, credit card or drivers licenses. 5. Incoming / Outgoing Mail – Pick up incoming mail promptly and do not send outgoing mail in your residential mail box. Make every effort to keep your mail as securely as possible when it leaves your house. 6. Monthly Bills If your monthly bills stop arriving, take action quickly. Notify the company right away. Also, review your monthly statements promptly and if you see charges or items on your bills that you do not recognize get them resolved immediately. 7. Credit Cards / ATMs – Report lost or stolen credit cards and ATM cards immediately. Be sure to carry the 1-800 numbers of your bank and credit card company in your wallet. 8. Age Matters – If you are over the age of 50 you are more likely to be targeted for financial fraud. Therefore, keep this in the back of your mind as you handle your daily tasks and personal information. Most analysts forecast financial fraud and identity thief to cause financial loss to hundreds of thousands people in the next five years and beyond. While fraudsters are very slick and you can never be 100% safe the steps above can assist in you significantly deterring yourself and family from being a victim. Copyright (c) 2004, by Jay Fran This article may be freely distributed as long as the copyright, author’s information and the following active live link is published with the article: http://www.motorcycle-financing-guide.com/bad-credit-motorcycle-loans.html Jay Fran is a successful author and publisher at Motorcycle-Financing-Guide.com, a comprehensive resource on bad credit motorcycle loans, [http://www.motorcycle-financing-guide.com/]motorcycle financing, [http://www.motorcycle-financing-guide.com/military-motorcycle-loans.html]military motorcycle loans and [http://www.motorcycle-financing-guide.com/online-motorcycle-loans.html]online motorcycle loans. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jay_Fran http://EzineArticles.com/?Steps-You-Can-Take-To-Protect-Your-Financial-Information-and-Personal-Identity-From-Fraud&id=15313 cash purchase vs auto loan cash advance ohio 500 fast cash no money down construction loans

By Michael Russell In this second part of our series on the early history of postcards we continue with the Undivided Back Era which lasted from 1901 to1907. It wasn’t until the year 1901 that the United States Government allowed the use of the words “Post Card” to be printed on the undivided back of cards that were privately printed. This allowed publishers to drop the authorization inscription that was previously required. Writing, however, was still limited to the front of the card. Because of this United States action other countries began the same practice. This allowed the front of the card to be used solely for design purposes and left the back divided so that the left side of the card was used for writing messages and the right side of the card was used for placing the address of where the card was to go. This lead to what was known as the divided back card. England allowed this to be done in 1902, France then followed in 1904 and Germany in 1905. The United States finally allowed the divided back card in 1907. These changes began what is known as the “Golden Age” of postcards. Between 1907 and 1915 divided backs were being done almost over the whole world. However because of the threat of war, which ultimately came, the Golden Age of postcards, where many cards were imported from all over the world, soon came to an end. In 1916 began what was known as the modern era, which lasted until 1930. During this era the United States began producing what were considered “quality” cards. However they still continued to also produce inferior quality cards to compete with foreign markets. The cards of this era were usually printed with white borders around the photos. Because of this they were known as “white border cards.” In 1930 began what was known as the linen card era, which lasted until 1945. Because of the advances in technology, postcard manufacturers were now able to print cards on linen type paper stock which gave them the ability to use very bright colors. View and comic cards were the ones that were most commonly published on this paper. The most popular cards of this era were the political humor cards of World War II. Finally we come to what is known as the Photochrome era which began in 1939 and continues up until the present time. What was known as the Union Oil Series launched the new era of photochrome cards. These cards are now called Modern Chromes and are still the most popular cards today. Since the earliest days of postcard printing these are absolutely the most beautiful and high quality cards that were ever made. These cards are very much sought after by collectors. And in spite of the increase in postal rates from one cent to the current rate of twenty-three cents, these cards continue to be very popular. Yes, postcards are still a hot item. And when the day comes when it costs $1.00 to mail a letter postcards will still be the best value around. ——————————————————- Michael Russell Your Independent guide to Postcards ——————————————————- Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell http://EzineArticles.com/?Postcards—A-Brief-History-Part-II&id=125875 articles on personal loan in pakistan get a loan fast low payments pay day advance virginia small business loan with bad credit

By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Barber_Wise]Barber Wise In the current world, most of us use mobile phones quite often and feel incomplete without our handsets. As a matter of fact, the past few years have been witness to an upward trend in the use of mobile phones. Apart from the obvious benefit of connecting us to our friends and family 24×7, many of the latest mobile phones also contribute significantly in enhancing productivity and augmenting the standards of our living. Despite all these benefits, it makes sense for many among us to ascertain the costs that we have to put up with, in using the latest models of mobiles. Many of us want to know whether we are getting the true value for our money, before purchasing a mobile phone handset or before subscribing to a particular mobile phone deal. The use of contract mobile phones is one of the ways in which we can reduce our phone bills significantly. The fact cannot be doubted that pay-as-you-go phones have their own merits and are ideal for certain sections of mobile phone users. However, the use of contract mobile phones is the more prevalent option. It has been observed that the leading service providers, such as Orange and Three mobile, offer some of the best mobile phone deals in the form of contract mobile phones. These contract mobile phone deals are available from several online mobile phone shops; phone users can browse through the various offers and select a specific contract mobile phone deal depending on their individual needs and requirements. A mobile phone user can choose a specific tariff plan from a service provider of his liking. The monthly line rentals of many of these contract mobile phone deals are cost-effective and include several minutes of free texts, free messages and free content download. What makes these deals all the more attractive is the fact that they are devised on the latest models of mobile phone handsets. Phone users are free to upgrade their handsets at the end of the period of contract. Free gifts such as free mobile phone insurance, cash back offers, free handsets are an integral part of many of these offers. With all these benefits, it can be concluded that the use of contract mobile phones is one of the best and most cost-effective option available to a mobile phone user. However, the term best is a subjective one. What is best for one person may not be so for the next one. So, every person has to decide the best contract mobile phone deal for himself; he has to assess his calling habits and his budget and select a specific contract mobile phone deal that optimizes the same. Barber Wise is the webmaster of [http://www.onlinemobilephoneshop.co.uk]http://www.onlinemobilephoneshop.co.uk, a site specializing in the different genres of [http://www.onlinemobilephoneshop.co.uk/allphone.asp]mobile Phones, including [http://www.onlinemobilephoneshop.co.uk/allphone.asp]contract mobile Phones of AMOI, LG, Sony Ericsson mobile Phones, Samsung Phones etc. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Barber_Wise http://EzineArticles.com/?Best-Contract-Mobile-Phone&id=249379 gold for fast cash 60 day loan direct lender for bad credit auto loans same day loans

By Keith Allen Teen problems are growing. If you think that being a teen today is the same as it was when you were in their shoes, you are probably mistaken. Now, listen to yourself say how strict and how hard life was when you where young. But, you need to realize that teens today face huge, life threatening decisions just about ever day. What they face has a lot to do with where they grow up. Yet do not be fooled into thinking that your child is safe. In the normal course of your teen’s day, he or she may face any of these things; one or more of them. Drugs. Think that drugs are simple like they used to be? They are not. Kids today are not just smoking the easy stuff. They are into crack or other strong and deadly drugs. Sex. Not only are they exposed to it on the television, but they are encouraged by others. They may be engaging in sexual acts that you have never heard of. They may be doing it unprotected as well. At school, after school, on the car ride home – there are many opportunities you do not realize. Teens get pregnant and have babies. Violence. Today’s teen problems often revolve around violence. They see friends with guns at school or after school. They witness huge fights. They hear threats. They see anger and deal with it daily. Depression. With all that they see and do, teens face depression today at an alarming rate as compared to just a decade ago. Depression is not something that just goes away, but can cause them harm and threaten their lives. Driving. Teens drive drunk. Teens drive under the influence of drugs. Teens get in cars that others are driving under the influence. Teens may also be responsible drivers, but share the road with those that are not. Teen problems that are at a lower level can be just as deadly. They face lying, cheating, emotional trauma, learning disabilities and divorce. All of these things a child will face daily in some cases. In those cases, it is no wonder that they have low self esteems, high drop out rates and some of the students will break under the pressure. Teen problems should be addressed and noticed by their parents first. Resources: Therapy for Teens and Families Help with Parenting Teens Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Keith_Allen http://EzineArticles.com/?Problems-Facing-Teens-Today&id=191255 loan programs nj bad credit advance america cash loans chicago bad credit car loan how long are sba loans amortized for

By Ruth Houston Summertime is high season for cheating husbands. Extramarital affairs flourish this time of the year. Many men view summer infidelity as a recreational sport. Some husbands are seasonal cheaters who only cheat when their wives are away on vacation. Other husbands are opportunistic cheaters who cheat only when theres an opportunity do so without getting caught. For all three types of cheaters, summer is the ideal time to initiate an extramarital affair. Most Summer Affairs Go Undetected According to statistics, 50% to 70% of husbands cheat on their wives. A good percentage of these affairs take place during the summer months. Most of this infidelity goes undetected. Studies reveal that 2/3 of women whose husbands are cheating have no idea their husbands are having an affair. These cheating husbands have several ways hide their summer affairs. Husbands Play When the Wife is Away Some husbands routinely send the wife and kids to the beach, the lake, the country, or to visit relatives in another state. Whats your husband up to while you and the kids are away? Do you know where he is, who hes with, or how hes spending his time? Instead of sitting home alone eating a TV dinner, he could be wining and dining his ladylove. Fictitious Fishing Trips and other Lies Cheating husbands frequently disguise vacations with their mistress as fishing, camping or rafting trips with the guys. Men know that outdoor activities and other forms of male bonding are unlikely to be questioned by their wives. Is he really hiking the Appalachian Trail with his buddies? Or is he soaking up sun in St. Thomas with his summer sweetheart? Bogus Business Trips Trysts with the mistress are often disguised as bogus business trips. Even valid business trips can provide the perfect opportunity to cheat away from prying eyes. While hes attending that summer business conference without you, a budding office romance could blossom into a full blown affair. Are his trips occurring more frequently or lasting longer than usual? Has he tacked on an extra day or two before or after a legitimate business trip so he can spend the time with his lover? Suspicious Separate Vacations Has your husband suggested that the two of you take separate vacations this year? Do you know where he plans to go, or who hell be vacationing with? He could be laying the groundwork for a summer affair. Will he be living it up in Las Vegas with his lover while youre indulging in a week of pampering at a spa? If you have reason to suspect that your husband could be cheating, you may want to re-think your summer plans. What to Do About His Summer Affair If you see telltale signs of a summer affair developing or actually taking place, speak up! Ignoring it wont make it go away. Let your husband know youre aware of whats going on and tell him you want it to stop. If you let him think hes getting away with his affair or that he has your silent approval, hell feel free to do it again next summer. Or worse, he may continue it throughout the year. Though summer affairs usually have a built-in expiration date, some cheaters turn their summer flings into a permanent state of affairs. Your husband could become so attached to his mistress, that he moves in with her or asks you for a divorce. How to Prevent a Summer Affair Does this mean you should forego renting that beach house for the summer or put that 2-week trip to your parents on hold? If youve seen suspicious behavior or signs of infidelity during the past few weeks or months, this is not a good time for you to be away. If your husband is a seasonal or opportunistic cheater, dont make it easy for him to cheat. Stay close to home, keep tabs on him, and stay alert. Follow the suggestions my tip sheet, How to Prevent or Short-Circuit Your Husbands Summer Affair. Plan your summer so he wont have the time or the opportunity to get involved in a summer affair. Safeguard your marriage by putting some checks and balances in place. Plan summer activities for the whole family and a several romantic weekends for two. Heed this advice, and you wont have to wonder where your husband is this summer — youll know, because hell be right there with you. FREE Tip Sheet on Summer Affairs To request a FREE tip sheet which lists the telltale signs of a summer affair and includes tips on how to short circuit your husbands summer affair, or prevent him from having one at all, send an e-mail to InfidelityAdvice@gmail.com with “Summer Infidelity-ez in the subject line. About the Author: Infidelity expert Ruth Houston is the founder of InfidelityAdvice.com and the author of Is He Cheating on You? 829 Telltale Signs, which documents practically every known sign of infidelity. For a free tip sheet on summer affairs, e-mail InfidelityAdvice@gmail.com with summer infidelity-ez in the subject line. For more infidelity information or for a list of other FREE infidelity tip sheets available, visit http://www.InfidelityAdvice.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Ruth_Houston http://EzineArticles.com/?Is-Your-Husband-Having-a-Summer-Affair?&id=256468 amount of tax out of paycheck tampa refinance car loan bad credit loans against tax money payday loans approved in the state of georgia

By Kris Kelkar Introduction to A Healing Crisis An increasing number of people today are trying alternative healing methods to cleanse and detoxify their bodies. Simple methods such as switching to a natural food diet, juicing to increase nutrition, or fasting are used to cleanse the body of stored toxins in the hopes of naturally addressing long-standing symptoms such as chronic headaches, adult acne, allergies or arthritis. More intensive methods may be used to perform cleansing of the bodys elimination organs: colon, kidney and liver. However, many people trying these and other alternative health cleansing methods discontinue them when they experience new symptoms of ill health. Generally, these new symptoms are in actuality not a new disease or malady affecting the body, but rather a healing crisis. Healing Crisis Defined A healing crisis is when symptoms from diseases and toxins that are released during a detoxification process manifest themselves. Also known as “Herxheimer Reaction”, a healing crisis occurs when toxins stored in the body are released at a faster rate than can be properly eliminated. The more toxic one’s body is, the more severe the detoxification and the more intense the reaction. A healing crisis is characterized by a temporary increase in symptoms during a cleansing or detoxification process. Such symptoms may be mild or severe, depending on the bodys original toxicity, but are definitely temporary. They can occur immediately, within several days, or even several weeks of a cleansing program. Reverse Order What is not immediately intuitive is that symptoms are experienced in the reverse order of when the body was originally exposed to their cause. This simple explanation may help demonstrate the reason. Assume that every year you painted your walls a different color. As time went on, you layered color upon color. Finally after 30 years, you found that the newest paint was not sticking properly because layers of paint underneath were cracking and coming off. So you decided to strip all of the paint off the walls and give it a fresh coat of paint. As you started stripping off paint, you saw earlier layers. In the process of cleaning and stripping the walls, you got glimpses of what your walls were like and what they went through in prior years. Believe it or not, human bodies work in a similar fashion. As bodies store fat, the chemistry of the fat reflects the internal body conditions at the time the fat was stored. Each year, a residue of the viruses, bacteria and toxins you were exposed to were stored in fatty deposits. Similar to the paint stripping analogy, as a body is cleansed, stored toxins, bacteria, and viruses are released. As they are released, symptoms experienced with the particular malady or event associated with the toxin are re-experienced albeit in a milder form. Possible Symptoms A healing crisis can have a variety of possible symptoms, depending on what the body underwent during the initial toxic encounter. Symptoms can include: muscle cramps or pain arthritic flair ups diarrhea extreme fatigue restlessness headaches insomnia sinus congestion fever skin eruptions strong emotions or mood swings Recommended Treatment During a healing crisis, it is important that the cleansing program be continued. Continued cleansing will help the body rid itself of released toxins and diseases forever. Following these simple steps may help to relieve some of the symptoms of the healing crisis. Drinking plenty of fresh water helps the body eliminate released toxins. Increasing fiber intake and taking supplements to cleanse the colon and kidneys will also help to accelerate the elimination of toxins. If fatigued, give the body rest Meditation can help to manage symptoms such as strong emotions and mood swings More Information Additional information on body cleansing and detoxification can be found at The-Natural-Path.com. Mr. Kelkar has been practicing cleansing and detoxification regimes for years. These common-sense routines have proven effective in lowering cholesterol, substantially reducing allergy symptoms, eliminating insomnia and eliminating adult acne. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kris_Kelkar http://EzineArticles.com/?Healing-Crisis-A-Natural-Part-of-Body-Cleansing&id=63736 payday lenders in arkansas payday a finance simulation goodhart-wilcox loan waiver scheme and its impact on money market faxless payday loan online

By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Dorothy_M._Neddermeyer,_PhD] Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD The Journal of the American Medical Association Vol. 284 July 26, 2000, published an article documenting the tragedy of Traditional Western Medicine (TWM) paradigm. The author, Dr. Barbara Starfield of Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health describes how the U.S. health care system may contribute to poor health. Doctors, she stated, are the third leading cause of death in the U.S., causing 250,000 deaths every year. This information is a follow-up to the Institute of Medicine report December, 1999, but the data was hard to reference as it was not in peer-reviewed journal. Now it is published in JAMA which is the most widely circulated medical periodical in the world. DEATHS PER YEAR: 1. 12,000 —–unnecessary surgery 8 2. 7,000 —–medication errors in hospitals 9 3. 20,000 —-other errors in hospitals 10 4. 80,000 —-infections in hospitals 10 5. 106,000 —non-error, negative effects of drugs 2 250,000 deaths per year from iatrogenic–death induced in a patient by a physician’s activity, manner, or therapy, especially of a complication of treatment causes–is outrageous!! Yet, the majority of people continue to trust the medical profession to ‘cure’ them, inspite of all the evidence to the contrary. Dr. Starfield cites these warnings in interpreting the numbers: most of the data are derived from studies of hospitalized patients. these estimates are for deaths only and do not include negative effects that are associated with subsequent disability, discomfort or no relief from the presenting issue. the estimates of death due to error are lower than those in the IOM report. 1 If the higher estimates are cited, the deaths due to iatrogenic causes would range from 230,000 to 284,000. In any case, 225,000 deaths per year, constitutes the third leading cause of death in the United States, after deaths from heart disease and cancer. Even if these figures are overestimated, there is a wide margin between these numbers of deaths and the next leading cause of death (cerebrovascular disease). Another analysis concluded that between 4% and 18% of consecutive patients experience negative effects in outpatient settings, with: 116 million extra physician visits 77 million extra prescriptions 17 million emergency department visits 8 million hospitalizations 3 million long-term admissions 199,000 additional deaths $77 billion in extra costs The high cost of health care system is considered at a deficit, but is tolerated under the propagandized belief that better health results from more expensive care. However, evidence from a few studies indicates that as high as 20% to 30% of patients receive inappropriate and/or inadequate care. An estimated 44,000 to 98,000 among them die each year as a result of medical errors. 2 The high cost of the health care might be tolerated if it resulted in better health, but does it? Of 13 countries in a recent comparison,3,4 the United States ranks an average of 12th (second from the bottom) for 16 available health indicators. The ranking of the U.S. on several indicators was: 13th (last) for low-birth-weight percentages 13th for neonatal mortality and infant mortality overall 14 11th for post neonatal mortality 13th for years of potential life lost (excluding external causes) 11th for life expectancy at 1 year for females, 12th for males 10th for life expectancy at 15 years for females, 12th for males 10th for life expectancy at 40 years for females, 9th for males 7th for life expectancy at 65 years for females, 7th for males 3rd for life expectancy at 80 years for females, 3rd for males 10th for age-adjusted mortality The poor performance of the U.S. was recently confirmed by a World Health Organization study, which used different data and ranked the United States as 15th among 25 industrialized countries. There is a perception that the Americans “behave badly” by smoking, drinking, and perpetrating violence, therefore their bad behavior is the cause of a poor health ranking. However, the data does not support this assertion. The proportion of females who smoke ranges from 14% in Japan to 41% in Denmark; in the United States, it is 24% (fifth best). For males, the range is from 26% in Sweden to 61% in Japan; it is 28% in the United States (third best). The U.S. ranks fifth best for alcoholic beverage consumption. The U.S. has relatively low consumption of animal fats (fifth lowest in men aged 55-64 years in 20 industrialized countries) and the third lowest mean cholesterol concentrations among men aged 50 to 70 years among 13 industrialized countries. These estimates of death due to error are lower than those in a recent Institutes of Medicine report, and if the higher estimates are used, the deaths due to iatrogenic causes would range from 230,000 to 284,000. Even at the lower estimate of 225,000 deaths per year, this constitutes the third leading cause of death in the U.S., following heart disease and cancer. Lack of technology is certainly not a contributing factor to the U.S.’s low ranking. Among 29 countries, the United States is second only to Japan in the availability of magnetic resonance imaging units and computed tomography scanners per million population. 17 Japan ranks highest on health, whereas the U.S. ranks among the lowest. It is possible that the high use of technology in Japan is limited to diagnostic technology not matched by high rates of treatment, whereas in the U.S., high use of diagnostic technology may be linked to more treatment. Supporting this possibility are data showing that the number of employees per bed (full-time equivalents) in the United States is highest among the countries ranked, whereas they are very low in Japan, far lower than can be accounted for by the common practice of having family members rather than hospital staff provide the amenities of hospital care. The JAMA article is a momentous occasion, because the AMA seldom acknowledges any mistakes or failures in publications widely dispersed. It is noteworthy, however, the most widely used wire service in the world, Reuter’s, did not pick up the article. The JAMA is the largest and one of the most respected medical journals in the entire world. The JAMA article makes it clear that doctors are the third leading cause of death in the U.S. killing nearly a quarter million people a year. The only more common causes are cancer and heart disease. This statistic is likely to be seriously underestimated as much of the coding only describes the cause of organ failure and does not address iatrogenic causes at all. Japan has benefited from recognizing that technology is wonderful, but just because a diagnoses is made, one is not obligated to cut it out or bomb it with chemicals. Their health statistics reflect this aspect of their philosophythe mental causes for physical illness and the metaphysical way to overcome theas much of their treatment is not treatment at all, but loving care rendered in the home. 20 Emotional and spiritual sustenance and healing, not treatment, is the answer. Drugs, surgery and hospitals are rarely the answer to chronic health problems. Facilitating the God-given healing capacity that all of us have is the key. Improving the diet, exercise, and lifestyle are basic. Effective interventions for the underlying emotional and spiritual wounding behind most chronic illness are clues to maximizing health and eliminating disease. Related Articles: Author Affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Md. Corresponding Author and Reprints: Barbara Starfield, MD, MPH, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 624 N Broadway, Room 452, Baltimore, MD 21205-1996 (e-mail: bstarfie@jhsph.edu). REFERENCES: 1. Schuster M, McGlynn E, Brook R. How good is the quality of health care in the United States? Milbank Q. 1998;76:517-563. 2. Kohn L, ed, Corrigan J, ed, Donaldson M, ed. To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1999. 3. Starfield B. Primary Care: Balancing Health Needs, Services, and Technology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1998 4. World Health Report 2000. Available at: http://www.who.int/whr/2000/en/report.htm. Accessed June 28, 2000. 5. Kunst A. Cross-national Comparisons of Socioeconomic Differences in Mortality. Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Erasmus University; 1997. 6. Law M, Wald N. Why heart disease mortality is low in France: the time lag explanation. BMJ. 1999;313:1471-1480. 7. Starfield B. Evaluating the State Children’s Health Insurance Program: critical considerations. Annu Rev Public Health. 2000;21:569-585. 8. Leape L. Unnecessary surgery. Annu Rev Public Health. 1992;13:363-383. 9. Phillips D, Christenfeld N, Glynn L. Increase in US medication-error deaths between 1983 and 1993. Lancet. 1998;351:643-644. 10. Lazarou J, Pomeranz B, Corey P. Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients. JAMA. 1998;279:1200-1205. 11. Weingart SN, Wilson RM, Gibberd RW, Harrison B. Epidemiology and medical error. BMJ. 2000;320:774-777. 12. Wilkinson R. Unhealthy Societies: The Afflictions of Inequality. London, England: Routledge; 1996. 13. Evans R, Roos N. What is right about the Canadian health system? Milbank Q. 1999;77:393-399. 14. Guyer B, Hoyert D, Martin J, Ventura S, MacDorman M, Strobino D. Annual summary of vital statistics1998. Pediatrics. 1999;104:1229-1246. 15. Harrold LR, Field TS, Gurwitz JH. Knowledge, patterns of care, and outcomes of care for generalists and specialists. J Gen Intern Med. 1999;14:499-511. 16. Donahoe MT. Comparing generalist and specialty care: discrepancies, deficiencies, and excesses. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1596-1607. 17. Anderson G, Poullier J-P. Health Spending, Access, and Outcomes: Trends in Industrialized Countries. New York, NY: The Commonwealth Fund; 1999. 18. Mold J, Stein H. The cascade effect in the clinical care of patients. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:512-514. 19. Shi L, Starfield B. Income inequality, primary care, and health indicators. J Fam Pract.1999;48:275-284. 20. Hay, Louise L. Heal Your Body. Hay House, Inc. 1988; 1-83. Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD, specializes in: Mind, Body, Spirit (metaphysical) healing and Physical/Sexual Abuse Prevention and Recovery. As an inspirational leader, Dr. Neddermeyer empowers people to view life’s challenges as an opportunity for Personal/Professional Growth and Spiritual Awakening. 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By Digby Farquart DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is a molecule not just found in the cells of people but, animals and plants. DNA holds the genetic code that makes us all very unique. Our height, sex, hair, eye colour and other personal features contribute to the variations in the code. 50% of our DNA was inherited from each parent. Siblings are more likely to have similar DNA than unrelated people. Imagine a tangled knot of very thin strands; that is how DNA exists in the cells of our body but it is invisible. If we straightened it out, the DNA from each cell would stretch to two metres long. It is difficult to imagine that we have more than six feet of it inside a cell and it is actually invisible to the human eye! If we took the DNA from all the cells in our body it would stretch to the sun and back not once or twice but a whopping 500 times. We have more than 45,000,000,000 miles of DNA! DNA Crime Prevention and Detection. Given that it is highly likely for a sample of DNA to be found at the scene of crime, it can be used in a number of ways. It can be compared with a sample that has been taken from a suspect. A positive match can be used as evidence. DNA can be taken from a suspect and checked against the National DNA Database. DNA taken from other crime scenes may be linked to that person. DNA can positively identify offenders through DNA taken from close relatives. DNA isnt just about catching criminals; it is also used to eliminate suspects and identification of bodies. DNA can be used to mark property and aid recovery from the thieves. How is DNA used? DNA doesnt need to be surgically removed, simply by using a buccal swab (buccal meaning inner-cheek) and gently rubbing the inside of the cheek, DNA from the mouth cells are collected and can be forensically analysed Like fingerprints, not every single difference between peoples DNA is required. Techniques are deployed to look at specific areas of DNA that are conclusively known to vary widely between people. This technique is called DNA Profiling it analyses and measures the recorded differences to link the DNA with the suspect and crime scene or weapon. The National DNA Database is used by every police force in the UK to compare DNA taken from scenes of crime. At present there are over two million samples of DNA taken from individuals that are stored on the DNA Database. It might be that DNA is only present in tiny amounts. These can be greatly amplified using a technique called Polymerisation Chain Reaction (PCR). This can produce a positive result from just one nanogram (one thousand millionth of a gram) of DNA. Profiling is conducted in the forensic science laboratory and takes between 16 and depending on the DNA sample. Digby Farquart is a leading UK security consultant and crime prevention advisor. He writes articles for top sites such as UK Security Directory and UK Crime Prevention. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Digby_Farquart http://EzineArticles.com/?DNA-Criminal-Investigation,-Crime-Prevention-And-Detection&id=422683 fair credit reporting act connecticut ct personal loan regardless of credit score standard factual report bad-credit how do i report a debtor to the credit bureau